The global market for heating, ventilation and air conditioning
The global market for heating, ventilation and air conditioning (CVC) will exceed $ 70 billion in 2012. World equipment demand will increase 5.8 %each year. The Asia-Pacific region will exceed the rest of the world, with China and India in mind, due to improving the standard of living. Investments in cooling equipment will exceed heating systems. As customers get used to the comfort of air conditioning in their car, they will expect more and more in their house. The market is stable, the seven largest suppliers representing more than four -fifths of all sales.
Energy savings and environmental protection are the two main themes in the sector. The industry formerly counted on CFC refrigerating gases which destroy the ozone layer. The industry has collaborated to replace them with more mild chemicals. Recently, the CO2 has proven to be the most likely substitute in automotive air conditioners and heat pump (HPWH). The standard HPWH CO2 standard was developed only a few years ago, mainly thanks to the collaboration of nine Japanese companies, including Daikin, Hitachi, Toshiba and Panasonic.
While CO2 is also a greenhouse gas, the industry considers that the amount of CO2 emitted by CVC systems is negligible compared to that issued by power plants and vehicles. However, the main drawback is that CO2 systems must be under pressure five times higher than traditional equipment. This creates a series of new technical challenges and increases energy consumption. To obtain a high efficiency, a low noise level, low vibrations and high internal pressure, it is necessary to use heavier tubes in more expensive alloys, which increases the demand for specialized metals.
Innovation
The next wave of innovations seems to be the integration of the Internet with CVC orders. The traditional thermostat, combined with internet communication standards and web controls, extends the concept of intelligent buildings to include analysis, decision and control tools to installations and houses with real -time data, which were generally reserved to industrial applications. Intelligent control systems monitor and optimize energy consumption, send notifications and reports to reduce total cost throughout the life cycle of the system are now an integral part of the CVC market.
The most fundamental change in thought in the world of CVC is the ability to eliminate traditional compressors and air pumps thanks to the design of a heating and cooling system based on the black wall for commercial and residential buildings . The structure of the southern building exposes a black wall with an airspace between the wall and a transparent polycarbonate, made of horizontal air particles which include a highly conductive aluminum sheet. The outside air enters the left and flows to the right until it reaches the vertical well, rises and releases its hot air in the hall.
This black wall for air heating uses the laws of physics, works without a single mobile part and can, by design, ensure a comfortable heating system without the need for compressors, air pumps or devices mechanical. If the building is designed by an expert architect who had the tools to calculate the appropriate dimension of the wall and the wells determining the required air flows, from historical data from the outside temperature, humidity levels and the beach Ideal interior temperature. The same system can be used in summer by applying the same principles. However, the garage now needs to be cooled instead of being heated. Thus, hot air, now generated more quickly, goes through a heat exchanger and is converted into cold air according to the same principles as the refrigeration technique where hot air is removed to create cold air. As the cold air is generated on top, it falls and distributes easily in the hall.
The simplicity of the design requires a minimum of maintenance (occasional washing of the windows). As it does not have mobile parts, there is no wear or friction of the metal, the system therefore requires less maintenance and does not consume energy. Heat exchange will lose a minimum of energy. In fact, this heating and cooling system has the potential to produce electricity in the process. Capital investment is minimal
The first cash flow
The black wall illustrated in the annex has been in service since 1995 and has been commanded by Per Carstedt, the Ford dealership in the Umeå region (North Sweden), which has proven itself in terms of building high buildings energy efficiency. It is part of the Greenzone, designed by Anders Nyquist which has implemented a large number of buildings with high energy efficiency and low water consumption in Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America. The well-documented performance of the small industrial cluster of Greenzone, combining a service station (Statoil), a fast food restaurant (McDonalds) and an Ford dealership, was so well received by investors and occupants that a second Greenzone advanced with the latest technologies is scheduled for 2013.
Anders Nyquist's projects go beyond the architectural concept developed and originally patented by Edward Morse and developed in the 1960s by the French engineer Félix Trombe and the architect Jacques Michel. Even if the system is similar enough, Anders has integrated the heat exchangers and plays with black and white at the start in summer to generate the ideal heating and air conditioning effects.
The opportunity
While many take the time and the effort to travel three hours north of Stockholm to observe this marvel of design in operation. This simple approach to exploitation of heat is not intended to block heat as is generally the case with a wall oriented south, but rather to convert it to heat to cool and heat it, depending on climatological requirements. After a complete analysis, the Japanese car manufacturer decided to entrust its future Scandinavian offices and dealers to Anders Nyquist by insisting on the use of these principles as standard. The fact that the architect was able to provide proof of his performance at a lower cost of investment and exploitation, while demonstrating that he can operate in different cultural and climatological environments, including in Japan, where he renovated the Daiwa House buildings in Sendai, north of Japan, convinced Toyota that he was the main designer of the building.
We expect the "Black Wall to Warm and Cool" to be more and more popular thanks to the visibility created by Ford and Toyota. The design is in fact simple, and with a minimum of knowledge in physics in general and in air flows in particular, it allows a standardized approach to this HVAC system which will release capital while providing more comfort at lower cost to all the occupants. While this design cannot apply to the air conditioning of cars, trucks and trains, it allows a revision of commercial, residential and industrial buildings by applying the concept of "substitution of something with nothing" as proposed blue economy.
Photo graceful of Anders Nyquist.
